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Proliferative thrombovascular necrosis of the pinna--wedge-shaped, usually bilateral symmetrical, necrosis of the distal ear pinna in dogs. Progressive syndrome, lesions are painful. Etiology--unknown.

Proliferative arteritis of the nasal planum--Saint Bernards appear predisposed. Well demarcated linear ulcers on the nasal philtrum with hemorrhage are seen. Etiology--unknown.

Septicemic vasculitis--Systemic signs are present (fever, malaise, anorexia) and rapid clinical progression is seen. Necrotizing ulcers, purpura, hemorrhagic bulla and plaques are seen. Etiology: bacterial showering derived from infections (endocarditis, pyoderma, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae).

Idiopathic cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy in racing Greyhounds--There is no sex predilection. Multiple erythematous, tender cutaneous areas of swelling, predominantly on the tarsus, stifle and inner thigh are noted. Occasionally there are lesions on the forelegs. The lesions rapidly progress to ulceration with serosanguineous discharge. In some dogs the clinical signs are limited to the skin and gradually heal. Other dogs present with skin lesions, lethargy and fever. These dogs may develop acute renal failure with azotemia, polydypsia, polyuria, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less commonly, azotemia may precede the development of cutaneous lesions. Etiology--Unknown. The syndrome has some similarities with thrombocytopenic purpura, hemorrhagic-uremic syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). A strong genetic predisposition is suggested (affects only racing Greyhounds, restricted to litters or closely related litters). Cultures, special stains of skin and kidney for infectious agents and serology for rickettsial infection are negative.

Cryoglobulinemia or cold agglutinin disease--Erythema, purpura, ulcerations and punched-out necrosis, occurring predominantly on extremities. Acrocyanosis may occur. The lesions are precipitated and exacerbated by cold temperature. Etiology--Formation of auto-antibodies, which are most active at low temperatures (0-4°C). Type one cryoglobulinemia is characterized by cold reacting IgM, auto-antibodies against erythrocytes called cold-agglutinins. A second and rare type is due to non-agglutinating IgG antibodies and has been associated with lead poisoning or upper respiratory tract infections. Most cases are of unknown etiology.

Speaker Information
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Verena K. Affolter, DVM, DECVP, PhD
School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis
Davis, CA
Speaker Information:
Dr. Affolter's interests and current projects include: - Reactive histiocytosis in dogs - Histiocytomas in dogs - Progressive histiocytosis in cats - Chronic progressive swelling, hyperkeratosis and fibrosis of distal limbs in Clydesdales, Shires and Belgians suggestive of chronic lymphedema - Canine and feline cutaneous lymphocytosis - Hyperelastosis cutis in horses - Clonality in feline and canine cutaneous lymphocytosis - Density and distribution of gd-T Cells in canine skin - Density of epidermal and dermal dendritic antigen presenting cells in equine skin - Subepidermal vesicular disease in Tapirs.